Course

Electrical - Digital System Design

Indian Institute of Technology Madras

This course, taught by Prof. S. Srinivasan from the Department of Electrical Engineering at IIT Madras, provides an in-depth exploration of digital system design. The curriculum covers:

  • Introduction to digital systems
  • Number systems and complements
  • Logic gates and Boolean circuits
  • MSI circuits including multiplexers and encoders
  • Sequential circuits such as flip-flops and counters
  • Programmable logic devices and memory design

Students will engage in practical examples, including the design of a traffic light controller, and learn to analyze and implement finite state machines effectively.

Course Lectures
  • This module focuses on a practical example of system design by creating a traffic light controller. Students will learn how to apply digital logic principles to solve real-world problems. Key concepts include:

    • State diagrams for traffic light operation
    • Timing sequences and control signals
    • Implementation using flip-flops and gates

    By the end of this module, students will be able to design a functioning traffic light controller using digital components.

  • This introductory module provides an overview of digital systems, emphasizing their importance in modern electronics. Students will understand fundamental concepts such as:

    • Definition of digital systems
    • Comparison of digital and analog systems
    • Applications in various fields like computing and communication

    By grasping these concepts, students will build a strong foundation for further studies in digital design.

  • This module delves into number systems, which are crucial for digital design. It covers:

    • Binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal systems
    • Conversions between different number systems
    • Applications of number systems in computer science

    Students will gain proficiency in manipulating number systems, laying the groundwork for more complex digital operations.

  • This module introduces complement numbers, a key concept in digital arithmetic. Students will learn about:

    • Types of complements: 1's and 2's complements
    • Applications in subtraction and error detection
    • Representing negative numbers in binary

    Understanding complement numbers is essential for performing arithmetic operations in digital circuits.

  • This module covers complement subtraction and various codes used in digital systems. Key topics include:

    • Techniques for performing subtraction using complements
    • Common coding schemes such as BCD and Gray code
    • Applications of these codes in digital circuits

    Students will learn practical methods for implementing subtraction in digital systems.

  • This module reviews the first four lectures and introduces logic gates, fundamental building blocks of digital circuits. Topics covered include:

    • Types of logic gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR
    • Truth tables and logical expressions
    • Practical applications and circuit examples

    By mastering these concepts, students will be prepared to design and analyze basic digital circuits.

  • This module focuses on basic Boolean circuits, where students will explore the principles of Boolean algebra. Key learning points include:

    • Boolean expressions and their simplification
    • Designing circuits based on Boolean functions
    • Applications in digital logic design

    Students will gain the ability to design efficient digital circuits using Boolean principles.

  • This module introduces K-map simplification techniques for Boolean functions. Students will learn how to:

    • Create Karnaugh maps for up to four variables
    • Simplify complex Boolean expressions
    • Minimize logic circuit design

    By mastering K-map techniques, students will be able to efficiently design more compact digital circuits.

  • This module covers logic simplification using NAND and NOR gates, emphasizing their universal properties. Key points include:

    • Realizing any Boolean function with NAND/NOR gates
    • Advantages of using these gates in circuit design
    • Examples of applications in digital systems

    Students will learn to implement efficient circuit designs using NAND and NOR logic.

  • This module introduces Medium Scale Integration (MSI) circuits, focusing on multiplexers. Students will learn:

    • Basics of multiplexers and their function
    • How to design and implement multiplexers in circuits
    • Applications of multiplexers in digital systems

    Understanding multiplexers is essential for creating effective data routing designs in digital electronics.

  • This module continues the discussion on MSI circuits, focusing on encoders, decoders, and parity generators. Essential learning includes:

    • Definition and function of encoders and decoders
    • Working principles of parity generators
    • Applications in error detection and data processing

    Students will learn how these components are used to enhance digital system functionality.

  • This module introduces adders and subtractors, fundamental components in digital arithmetic. Students will explore:

    • Half adders and full adders
    • Subtraction techniques using adders
    • Applications in arithmetic logic units (ALUs)

    Mastering these concepts is crucial for designing efficient computational circuits.

  • This module discusses BCD adders and carry look-ahead adders for efficient addition. Key topics include:

    • Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) representation
    • Carry look-ahead techniques for faster addition
    • Comparison of various adder designs

    Students will understand how to implement these adders in practical applications.

  • This module focuses on Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), specifically Read-Only Memory (ROM). Key learning points include:

    • Understanding the structure and function of ROM
    • Applications of ROM in digital systems
    • Programming and interfacing techniques for ROM

    Students will learn to leverage ROM for various digital applications, enhancing their design skills.

  • This module covers Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs) and Programmable Array Logic (PAL). Students will learn:

    • Differences between PLAs and PALs
    • Design techniques for implementing logic functions
    • Applications of PLAs and PALs in circuit design

    Understanding these programmable devices is essential for modern digital circuit design.

  • This module introduces sequential circuits, starting with S-R flip-flops. Key topics include:

    • Basic structure and operation of S-R flip-flops
    • Timing diagrams and state tables
    • Applications in memory and state storage

    Students will learn to implement and analyze sequential circuits using flip-flops.

  • This module continues with D, J-K, and T flip-flops, expanding knowledge on sequential circuits. Key areas include:

    • Operation and applications of D, J-K, and T flip-flops
    • Comparative analysis of different flip-flop types
    • Designing circuits using multiple flip-flops

    Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of these important components in digital circuits.

  • This module covers master-slave flip-flops, focusing on their timing and usage in circuits. Students will learn:

    • The concept of master-slave flip-flops
    • Timing diagrams and propagation delays
    • Common applications in synchronous systems

    Understanding these flip-flops is crucial for designing reliable sequential circuits.

  • This module focuses on ripple counters, detailing their design and operation. Key topics include:

    • Understanding ripple counter configurations
    • Advantages and disadvantages of ripple counters
    • Applications in counting and timing circuits

    Students will learn to design and implement ripple counters in various digital applications.

  • This module covers synchronous counters, emphasizing their advantages over ripple counters. Key learning points include:

    • Types of synchronous counters and their operation
    • Design principles for creating efficient counters
    • Applications in digital systems for counting and sequencing

    Students will gain skills to implement synchronous counters in various applications.

  • This module introduces shift registers and their role in sequential circuit design. Students will learn about:

    • Types of shift registers: serial-in/serial-out, parallel-in/parallel-out
    • Applications in data storage and transfer
    • Designing circuits using shift registers

    Understanding shift registers is essential for creating more complex digital systems.

  • This module analyzes finite state machines (FSMs), essential for understanding sequential logic. Key topics include:

    • Types of FSMs: Mealy and Moore machines
    • State diagrams and state tables
    • Designing FSMs for specific applications

    Students will learn the principles of FSM analysis and their implementation in circuit design.

  • This module focuses on the design of finite state machines, building on previous concepts. Key points include:

    • Steps to design an FSM from a problem specification
    • State minimization techniques
    • Implementation strategies using flip-flops and gates

    Students will learn how to effectively design and implement FSMs for practical applications.

  • This module covers state reduction and implementation of FSMs using multiplexers and programmable ROMs. Key topics include:

    • Techniques for reducing the number of states in FSMs
    • Using multiplexers to implement FSMs
    • Applications of programmable ROMs in state machine design

    Students will learn to optimize FSM designs for efficiency and resource utilization.

  • This module introduces algorithmic state machines, providing examples for better understanding. Key areas include:

    • Difference between algorithmic and conventional FSMs
    • Advantages of algorithmic state machines in design
    • Practical examples demonstrating their functionality

    Students will learn how to apply algorithmic techniques to enhance state machine design.

  • This module focuses on memory system design, emphasizing the importance of memory in digital circuits. Key learning points include:

    • Types of memory systems: RAM, ROM, and cache
    • Memory organization and addressing techniques
    • Designing efficient memory architectures

    Students will gain insights into the role of memory in system performance and design considerations.

  • This concluding module summarizes the course content, highlighting key concepts and examples discussed throughout the course. Students will review:

    • Important topics in digital system design
    • Real-world applications of theoretical concepts
    • Final projects and design challenges

    By the end of this module, students will have reinforced their understanding and skills in digital system design.